Can Ketoacidosis Cause Seizures?

Yes, ketoacidosis can cause seizures. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. This happens when the body cannot produce enough insulin, leading to the breakdown of fats for energy, which produces ketones.

Seizures can occur in the context of diabetic ketoacidosis due to several factors:

  1. Electrolyte Imbalances: DKA often leads to significant imbalances in electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and magnesium, which are crucial for normal nerve and muscle function. These imbalances can contribute to seizures.
  2. Acidosis: The severe acidosis (high acidity in the blood) that characterizes DKA can affect brain function and potentially lead to seizures.
  3. Dehydration: Severe dehydration, which is common in DKA, can also affect brain function and contribute to the risk of seizures.
  4. Hyperglycemia: Extremely high blood sugar levels can cause changes in the brain that may lead to seizures.

DKA is a medical emergency, and if you suspect someone is experiencing it, they should receive immediate medical attention. Symptoms of DKA can include excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weakness, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness.