Can Pregnancy Cause Hypothyroidism?
December 16, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Pregnancy itself does not cause hypothyroidism, but it can lead to a condition called gestational transient thyrotoxicosis or gestational hypothyroidism, which affects thyroid function during pregnancy.
Gestational transient thyrotoxicosis refers to a temporary increase in thyroid hormone levels during early pregnancy, typically caused by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced during pregnancy. This condition can sometimes mimic hyperthyroidism symptoms and may occur in the first trimester.
Conversely, gestational hypothyroidism refers to a decrease in thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy, leading to hypothyroidism. This condition might arise due to various factors, including autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) or iodine deficiency.
Additionally, women with pre-existing hypothyroidism may require adjustments in their thyroid hormone medication dosage during pregnancy. During pregnancy, the demand for thyroid hormone increases, and some women may need increased doses of thyroid medication to maintain adequate levels. Failing to manage thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy can have adverse effects on both the mother and the developing fetus.
Untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy can potentially lead to complications, such as:
- Increased risk of miscarriage
- Preterm birth
- Low birth weight
- Preeclampsia
- Neurodevelopmental issues in the baby
Therefore, pregnant individuals are often screened for thyroid function as part of routine prenatal care to ensure early detection and appropriate management if any thyroid abnormalities are detected.
If you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant and have concerns about thyroid function or a history of thyroid-related issues, it’s crucial to discuss this with your healthcare provider. They can perform necessary tests and provide guidance on managing thyroid health during pregnancy to ensure the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby.