What are the Signs and Symptoms of Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease, often referred to as gum disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold the teeth in place. It typically starts with gingivitis, a milder form, and can progress to more severe forms of the disease if left untreated. Common signs and symptoms of periodontal disease include:

  1. Bleeding Gums:
    • Gums that bleed easily during brushing, flossing, or even when eating hard foods.
  2. Swollen or Tender Gums:
    • Gums that appear swollen, red, or tender to the touch.
  3. Receding Gums:
    • Gums that have pulled away from the teeth, making the teeth appear longer.
  4. Persistent Bad Breath (Halitosis):
    • Chronic bad breath that doesn’t improve with oral hygiene measures like brushing or using mouthwash.
  5. Pus Between Teeth and Gums:
    • Presence of pus or a foul taste in the mouth due to an infection.
  6. Loose or Shifting Teeth:
    • Teeth that feel loose or a change in the alignment of teeth.
  7. Changes in Bite or Tooth Alignment:
    • Changes in how your teeth fit together when you bite.
  8. Changes in Gum Color:
    • Healthy gums are pink, but in periodontal disease, gums may turn dusky red or purple.
  9. Pain While Chewing:
    • Pain or discomfort while eating or chewing due to sensitive or infected gums.
  10. Sensitive Teeth:
    • Increased tooth sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures.
  11. Formation of Deep Pockets between Teeth and Gums:
    • Deep spaces or pockets that form between the teeth and gums due to gum recession and bone loss.
  12. Abscess Formation:
    • Formation of pus-filled pockets of infection in the gums.
  13. Changes in Dental Appliances Fit:
    • Changes in the way dentures or other dental appliances fit.

Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are essential to detect and treat periodontal disease in its early stages. If you notice any of these signs and symptoms, it’s important to consult a dentist or periodontist promptly for an evaluation and appropriate treatment to prevent further progression of the disease and maintain good oral health.