What are the Symptoms of Kwashiorkor?
November 5, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition that primarily affects children, particularly in regions where there is limited access to a proper diet and essential nutrients. The condition is characterized by a deficiency of protein in the diet, which can lead to a range of symptoms and physical manifestations. Some common symptoms and signs of kwashiorkor include:
- Edema: Swelling and fluid retention in various parts of the body, particularly in the limbs and face.
- Stunted Growth: A failure to grow and develop at a normal rate, leading to short stature.
- Changes in Skin and Hair: Dry, thin, and brittle hair; patches of depigmented or lightened skin; and a characteristic reddish-brown discoloration of the skin, known as “flaky-paint dermatosis.”
- Enlarged Liver: Hepatomegaly, or an enlarged liver, may occur due to fatty infiltration.
- Anemia: A reduced number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood, which can lead to fatigue and weakness.
- Muscle Wasting: Loss of muscle mass and muscle weakness.
- Loss of Appetite: A reduced desire to eat, which can further exacerbate malnutrition.
- Irritability and Behavioral Changes: Children with kwashiorkor may exhibit changes in behavior, such as irritability and apathy.
- Gastrointestinal Symptoms: These may include diarrhea, abdominal distension, and an enlarged, fatty, or “moon face.”
- Weakened Immune System: An increased susceptibility to infections due to a compromised immune system.
Kwashiorkor is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention and nutritional rehabilitation. The primary treatment involves providing a well-balanced diet with sufficient protein, calories, and essential nutrients to help the individual regain lost weight, promote growth, and address the underlying malnutrition. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.
Preventing kwashiorkor is crucial, and it involves ensuring that individuals, especially children, have access to a varied and nutritious diet that provides adequate protein and other essential nutrients. Adequate healthcare, education, and social support systems are also vital in preventing and addressing malnutrition in at-risk populations.