What are the Symptoms of Pouchitis?
October 21, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Pouchitis is an inflammatory condition that can occur in individuals who have undergone surgery to create an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), commonly known as a J-pouch or ileoanal pouch. This surgery is often performed in people with ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) when the colon needs to be removed. Pouchitis involves inflammation of the pouch, which serves as a substitute for the removed colon. The symptoms of pouchitis can vary in intensity and may include:
- Increased Frequency of Bowel Movements: One of the most common symptoms of pouchitis is an increase in the number of bowel movements per day.
- Loose or Watery Stools: Stools may become looser or watery compared to normal bowel movements.
- Urgency: A sudden and strong urge to have a bowel movement, which can be difficult to control.
- Abdominal Cramps and Pain: Many people with pouchitis experience abdominal cramping or discomfort.
- Bloody Stools: In some cases, blood may be visible in the stools.
- Fatigue: Pouchitis can lead to fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell.
- Fever: Some individuals with pouchitis may develop a fever.
- Weight Loss: Severe or prolonged pouchitis can result in weight loss.
Pouchitis is thought to be an inflammatory condition, and it may be related to an abnormal immune response or changes in the gut bacteria. The exact cause is not well understood. Pouchitis can occur as an acute episode, known as acute pouchitis, or it can become a chronic condition known as chronic pouchitis.
The diagnosis of pouchitis is typically based on the presence of these symptoms, and additional tests such as stool studies, blood tests, endoscopy, or imaging may be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other causes.
Treatment for pouchitis may involve antibiotics, such as metronidazole or ciprofloxacin, which are often effective in reducing inflammation and relieving symptoms. In more severe or refractory cases, immunosuppressive medications or biologics may be considered. Dietary modifications, probiotics, and lifestyle changes may also be recommended.
Individuals who have undergone IPAA surgery and experience symptoms suggestive of pouchitis should seek medical evaluation and treatment from a healthcare provider, such as a gastroenterologist, who specializes in managing pouch-related conditions. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can help alleviate symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life.