What are the Symptoms of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)?
October 21, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by emotional and physical symptoms that significantly disrupt a woman’s life in the two weeks leading up to her menstrual period. The symptoms of PMDD typically occur in a cyclical pattern and can be quite debilitating. Common PMDD symptoms include:
- Mood Symptoms:
- Severe depression
- Intense irritability or anger
- Crying spells
- Mood swings
- Anxiety or tension
- Feeling overwhelmed or out of control
- Physical Symptoms:
- Fatigue or low energy
- Changes in sleep patterns (insomnia or hypersomnia)
- Appetite changes or overeating
- Muscle aches and joint pain
- Headaches
- Bloating and abdominal discomfort
- Cognitive Symptoms:
- Difficulty concentrating
- Forgetfulness
- Behavioral Symptoms:
- Social withdrawal
- Increased sensitivity to rejection or criticism
- Feeling uninterested in usual activities
- Psychosocial Impact:
- Severe distress and impairment in daily life, relationships, and work or school functioning
It’s important to note that PMDD is more than the typical mood changes or discomfort that many women experience before their menstrual period. PMDD symptoms are severe and disruptive. They usually improve or disappear within a few days after the start of menstruation, only to return in the subsequent menstrual cycle.
PMDD can be challenging to diagnose and differentiate from other conditions like depression, anxiety, or bipolar disorder because the symptoms are cyclical and often mimic these mental health disorders. It is essential to track symptoms over several menstrual cycles to make a proper diagnosis.
Treatment for PMDD can include lifestyle changes, medication, and psychotherapy. Lifestyle modifications may include regular exercise, stress management, and dietary changes. Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), hormonal birth control, or GnRH agonists may be prescribed to alleviate PMDD symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other forms of psychotherapy can also be beneficial.
If you suspect you have PMDD or are experiencing severe premenstrual symptoms that disrupt your daily life, it is important to seek medical evaluation and discuss treatment options with a healthcare provider or mental health professional. A proper diagnosis and effective management can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with PMDD.