What are the Symptoms of Sickle Cell Disease?
October 7, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, causing them to become misshapen and break down more easily. This can lead to various symptoms and complications. Common symptoms and signs of sickle cell disease include:
- Pain Crisis (Sickle Cell Crisis):
- Intense and sudden pain due to blocked blood flow caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells. The pain can occur in the bones, chest, abdomen, joints, or other areas.
- Fatigue:
- Constant feeling of tiredness or low energy.
- Anemia:
- A decrease in red blood cells, causing fatigue, paleness, and weakness.
- Jaundice:
- Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes due to increased breakdown of red blood cells.
- Swelling of Hands and Feet:
- Swelling and tenderness in the hands and feet, particularly in infants (known as hand-foot syndrome).
- Frequent Infections:
- Increased susceptibility to infections due to impaired immune function.
- Delayed Growth and Development:
- Slower growth and development, especially in children.
- Difficulty in Breathing:
- Shortness of breath, rapid breathing, or wheezing, particularly during physical activity or acute chest syndrome.
- Frequent Urination:
- Increased urination and a tendency to produce dark urine.
- Fever:
- Elevated body temperature, often indicating an infection.
- Dactylitis:
- Painful swelling of the hands or feet, especially in infants and young children.
- Vision Problems:
- Eye problems, including retinopathy or impaired vision.
- Stroke or Silent Stroke:
- A sudden, severe headache, weakness, numbness, or difficulty speaking (indicating a stroke). Silent strokes may also occur without noticeable symptoms.
- Leg Ulcers:
- Painful sores on the legs, particularly in adults.
- Organ Damage:
- Sickle cell disease can damage various organs, including the liver, heart, lungs, kidneys, and spleen.
- Priapism:
- Persistent and painful erection in males, not related to sexual arousal.
The severity and frequency of symptoms can vary among individuals with sickle cell disease. Prompt medical care and ongoing management are essential to alleviate symptoms, prevent complications, and improve the quality of life for those with this condition.