What Causes Autoimmune Disease?
July 23, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system, which is designed to protect the body from foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses, mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, tissues, and organs. The exact cause of autoimmune diseases is not fully understood, but it is believed to be the result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.
- Genetics: Some autoimmune diseases tend to run in families, suggesting a genetic component. Certain genes may increase the likelihood of developing an autoimmune condition, but having these genes does not guarantee that the disease will develop. Instead, it may make individuals more susceptible to triggers.
- Environmental Triggers: Various environmental factors can trigger or exacerbate autoimmune diseases in genetically susceptible individuals. These triggers might include infections (bacterial or viral), exposure to certain toxins or chemicals, and even dietary factors. For example, some studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may be linked to autoimmune diseases.
- Hormones: Women are more prone to autoimmune diseases than men, which indicates that hormonal factors could play a role. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause, for instance, can affect the immune system and increase the risk of developing autoimmune disorders.
- Microbiome Imbalance: The human microbiome, which consists of trillions of bacteria and other microorganisms living in and on our bodies, plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system. An imbalance in the microbiome (dysbiosis) may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases.
- Chronic Inflammation: Prolonged or chronic inflammation in the body can also trigger or exacerbate autoimmune responses. Inflammation can result from infections, tissue damage, or other underlying health conditions.
It’s important to note that different autoimmune diseases have distinct triggers and underlying mechanisms, and research is ongoing to understand the complexities of each condition better. While some risk factors are beyond our control, leading a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management may help in managing autoimmune diseases and reducing their impact on daily life. If you suspect you have an autoimmune condition, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment.