What Causes Excessive Vaginal Bleeding?

February 27, 2024 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's

Excessive Vaginal Bleeding

Excessive vaginal bleeding, or menorrhagia, can be caused by various factors. It’s essential to note that what may be considered excessive bleeding can vary among individuals. Some common causes of excessive vaginal bleeding include:

  • Uterine Fibroids:
    • Noncancerous growths in the uterus, known as uterine fibroids, can cause heavy menstrual bleeding.
  • Adenomyosis:
    • Adenomyosis is a condition where the tissue lining the uterus (endometrium) grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, leading to heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
  • Hormonal Imbalance:
    • Imbalances in hormones, particularly estrogen and progesterone, can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle and contribute to heavy bleeding. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders may affect hormonal balance.
  • Endometrial Hyperplasia:
    • Thickening of the uterine lining (endometrium) due to hormonal imbalance can result in heavy menstrual bleeding. It can be a precursor to endometrial cancer.
  • Uterine Polyps:
    • Small growths on the inner lining of the uterus, known as uterine polyps, can cause heavy or irregular bleeding.
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):
    • Infections of the reproductive organs, such as PID, can lead to inflammation and abnormal bleeding.
  • IUDs and Birth Control Pills:
    • Some intrauterine devices (IUDs) and birth control pills can cause changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, including increased bleeding in some cases.
  • Bleeding Disorders:
    • Certain bleeding disorders, such as von Willebrand disease or platelet function disorders, can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding.
  • Miscarriage or Ectopic Pregnancy:
    • Pregnancy-related complications, such as a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, can cause heavy bleeding.
  • Cancer:
    • Uterine, cervical, or ovarian cancers can cause abnormal bleeding. In postmenopausal women, vaginal bleeding should always be investigated to rule out the possibility of cancer.
  • Certain Medications:
    • Some medications, such as anticoagulants or anti-inflammatory drugs, may contribute to increased bleeding.
  • Liver or Kidney Disease:
    • Conditions affecting the liver or kidneys can impact blood clotting factors and lead to abnormal bleeding.

If someone is experiencing excessive vaginal bleeding, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. The healthcare provider may perform a physical examination, obtain a detailed medical history, and may conduct diagnostic tests such as blood tests, imaging studies, or a biopsy to identify the underlying cause. Treatment options will depend on the specific diagnosis and may include medications, hormonal therapy, or surgical interventions, depending on the severity and cause of the excessive bleeding.

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