What Causes Liver Problems During Pregnancy?

March 11, 2024 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's

Liver Problems During Pregnancy

Liver problems during pregnancy can be caused by various factors, and it’s important for pregnant individuals to receive proper medical attention if they experience any signs or symptoms of liver issues. Some common causes of liver problems during pregnancy include:

  • Gestational liver diseases:
    • Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP): This condition involves the impaired flow of bile, leading to the accumulation of bile acids in the liver. It can cause itching, particularly on the hands and feet. In severe cases, it may be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth.
    • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP): AFLP is a rare but serious condition characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver cells. It typically occurs in the third trimester and may lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice. AFLP can be life-threatening and requires prompt medical attention.
  • Pre-existing liver conditions:
    • Pregnant individuals with pre-existing liver conditions such as viral hepatitis (hepatitis B or C), autoimmune hepatitis, or certain metabolic disorders may experience exacerbation of their liver disease during pregnancy.
  • Preeclampsia:
    • Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that can affect multiple organs, including the liver. HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count) is a severe form of preeclampsia that specifically involves liver dysfunction.
  • Liver tumors:
    • Although rare, liver tumors, both benign and malignant, can occur during pregnancy and may affect liver function.
  • Cholestasis of pregnancy:
    • Cholestasis is a general term for conditions that impair the flow of bile. In addition to ICP, other forms of cholestasis can occur during pregnancy and may contribute to liver problems.
  • Certain medications:
    • Some medications taken during pregnancy may have adverse effects on the liver. It’s crucial for pregnant individuals to inform their healthcare providers about any medications they are taking.
  • Gallbladder disease:
    • Gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder can cause complications that affect the liver.

If you are pregnant and experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, or itching, it’s important to seek prompt medical attention. Early detection and management of liver problems during pregnancy are crucial for the well-being of both the mother and the baby. A healthcare provider will conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include blood tests, imaging studies, and other diagnostic procedures to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

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