What Causes Lung Cancer?

July 25, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's

Causes of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is primarily caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cancerous cells can form tumors that interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs and, if left untreated, can spread to other parts of the body. The exact cause of lung cancer is often complex and may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Here are the main causes and risk factors associated with lung cancer:

  • Smoking: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer. It is responsible for approximately 85% of all cases. Smoking involves inhaling carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) present in tobacco smoke, which can damage lung cells and lead to the development of cancerous tumors over time.
  • Secondhand Smoke: Exposure to secondhand smoke, also known as passive smoking or environmental tobacco smoke, is a significant risk factor for lung cancer, especially in non-smokers.
  • Radon Gas: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep into buildings through the ground. Prolonged exposure to high levels of radon gas indoors can increase the risk of lung cancer, particularly in smokers.
  • Occupational Exposure: Certain occupations involve exposure to hazardous substances, such as asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, and uranium, which can increase the risk of developing lung cancer.
  • Air Pollution: Prolonged exposure to air pollution, including particulate matter, diesel exhaust, and other pollutants, has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
  • Family History and Genetic Factors: Individuals with a family history of lung cancer may have a higher risk of developing the disease. Additionally, specific genetic mutations can increase susceptibility to lung cancer, especially in non-smokers.
  • Previous Lung Diseases: People with a history of certain lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis, have an elevated risk of developing lung cancer.
  • Radiation Exposure: High doses of radiation, such as those used in radiation therapy for other cancers or exposure to radioactive materials, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
  • Personal Health Factors: Factors like age, gender, and overall health can also influence the risk of developing lung cancer. It is more common in older individuals and in men compared to women.

It’s crucial to note that while certain risk factors increase the likelihood of developing lung cancer, not everyone exposed to these factors will develop the disease. On the other hand, some individuals who develop lung cancer may not have any apparent risk factors. Early detection and timely medical intervention play a crucial role in improving the prognosis for lung cancer patients. If you are concerned about your risk of lung cancer, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance and screening recommendations.

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