Acute And Chronic Renal Failure (Uraemia)
February 11, 2020 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in Kidney
Acute Renal Failure
In acute renal failure, accumulation of urea and other waste products takes place in blood and tissues. A reduction in the endogenous waste products (urea and other compounds) and in the breakdown of tissue proteins can be achieved by giving glucose and emulsified fat in one liter of water equivalent to the water lost from the body in insensible perspiration, sweat and respiration.
Diet
Bull et al. (1949) recommended a regimen of 400 g glucose and 100 g refined groundnut oil made into an emulsion in 1 liter of water with daily requirements of vitamins to be given by drip through nasogastric tube. Some physicians administrator only 200 g of glucose in one liter of water as Bull’s regimen may give raise to diarrhoea in some cases. As soon as the flow of urine is resumed, the patient may be given more fluids in the form of milk, fruit juice etc.
Chronic Renal Failure
Chronic renal failure occurs in glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. In this condition, the glomeruli and tubules are heavily damaged.
Diet
The diet in chronic uraemia should be low in proteins depending on the urea content of the blood. The pattern of diet and the daily menu for an adult suffering from chronic renal failure is given below:
Diet For An Adult Suffering From Chronic Renal Failure
Calories:1500-2000 kcal, Proteins:15-20 g, Carbohydrates:300-400 g, Salt-free.
| FOOD STUFF | G/CAPUT/DAY |
| Cereals | 200 |
| Vegetables (potato, carrot) | 100 |
| Milk | 200 |
| Egg | 30 |
| Butter and vegetable fats | 40-50 |
| Sugar | 50 |
| Glucose | 200 |
| Fruit juice | 1000 ml |
Daily Menu For Chronic Renal Failure
| Morning | Fruit juice with glucose-1 glass |
| Breakfast | Bread-2 slices Butter-2 teaspoons Jam-2 teaspoons |
| Lunch | Cooked rice or bread-1 serving Butter or ghee-2 teaspoons Potato and carrot curry-1 serving Curd-1 cup Fruit juice with glucose-1 glass |
| Tea | Biscuits-3 Butter-1 teaspoon Fruit juice with glucose-1 glass |
| Dinner | same as lunch |
Note:
Common salt should not be added during or after cooking. One multivitamin tablet providing the daily requirements should be taken.