Can Epilepsy be Caused From Brain Trauma?
June 14, 2024 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Yes, epilepsy can be caused by brain trauma. This type of epilepsy is often referred to as post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Here are some key points about the relationship between brain trauma and epilepsy:
- Types of Brain Trauma: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) that can lead to epilepsy include concussions, contusions, skull fractures, and penetrating head injuries. The severity of the injury can influence the likelihood of developing epilepsy.
- Mechanism: Brain trauma can cause structural and functional changes in the brain, such as scar tissue formation, disrupted neural connections, and alterations in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. These changes can create an environment conducive to abnormal electrical activity, leading to seizures.
- Latency Period: There can be a significant latency period between the initial brain injury and the onset of epilepsy. This period can range from days to years, with many cases developing within the first two years after the injury.
- Risk Factors: Factors that increase the risk of developing post-traumatic epilepsy include the severity of the brain injury, the presence of intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding within the brain), and the occurrence of early post-traumatic seizures (within the first week after injury).
- Prevalence: Studies suggest that about 10-20% of individuals who suffer a severe TBI may develop epilepsy. The risk is lower for milder forms of TBI.
- Prevention and Treatment: There is ongoing research into methods to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy. Current treatments for epilepsy caused by brain trauma are similar to those for other forms of epilepsy and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.
If you or someone you know has experienced a traumatic brain injury and is concerned about the risk of epilepsy, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management.