How is Lung Cancer Causes?
August 8, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Lung cancer is primarily caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cancerous cells can form tumors that interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs and, if left untreated, can spread to other parts of the body. The exact cause of lung cancer is multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic predisposition and exposure to environmental risk factors. The leading cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoke, but other factors can also contribute. Here are the main factors associated with the development of lung cancer:
- Tobacco Smoke: Smoking is by far the leading cause of lung cancer. It contains numerous carcinogenic (cancer-causing) substances that damage the DNA in lung cells and promote the development of cancer. Both active smokers and those exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk.
- Radon Gas: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can be found in soil and rocks. When it accumulates in enclosed spaces, such as homes, it can become a health hazard. Prolonged exposure to high levels of radon increases the risk of lung cancer.
- Occupational Exposures: Certain workplaces expose individuals to carcinogens like asbestos, diesel exhaust, arsenic, and other substances that are associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.
- Air Pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollutants, such as particulate matter, chemicals, and industrial emissions, has been linked to an elevated risk of lung cancer.
- Genetic Factors: While genetic predisposition to lung cancer is not as strong as with some other types of cancer, certain genetic factors can increase susceptibility. People with a family history of lung cancer may have a slightly higher risk.
- Previous Lung Diseases: Individuals with a history of certain lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis, may have an increased risk of developing lung cancer.
- Personal and Family History: Having a personal history of cancer (especially lung cancer) or a family history of lung cancer can raise the risk.
It’s important to note that smoking is the most preventable cause of lung cancer. Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of developing lung cancer and other related health issues. Early detection is crucial for improving treatment outcomes, so individuals who are at higher risk due to factors like smoking history or family history should consider regular medical check-ups and screenings.
Lung cancer can be categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), each with different subtypes and treatment approaches. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy, depending on the type and stage of lung cancer.