What are the Causes and Symptoms of Breast Cancer?
November 6, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Breast cancer is a complex disease with various potential causes and a range of symptoms. It’s important to note that many breast cancer cases do not have a clearly identifiable cause, but there are several known risk factors associated with the development of breast cancer. Here are the common causes and symptoms of breast cancer:
Causes of Breast Cancer:
- Genetic Factors: Inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of breast cancer. However, most cases of breast cancer are not directly linked to genetic mutations.
- Gender and Age: Being a woman and increasing age are two significant risk factors for breast cancer. Women are much more likely to develop breast cancer, and the risk increases with age.
- Family History: A family history of breast cancer, especially in first-degree relatives, can elevate the risk.
- Personal History: A previous diagnosis of breast cancer or certain non-cancerous breast conditions may increase the risk of future breast cancer.
- Hormonal Factors: Prolonged exposure to estrogen, whether due to early menstruation, late menopause, or hormone replacement therapy, can be a risk factor.
- Radiation Exposure: Past exposure to chest or breast radiation, especially during treatment for other conditions, can increase breast cancer risk.
- Lifestyle Factors: Obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.
Common Symptoms of Breast Cancer:
- Breast Lump: A new, painless lump in the breast or underarm is one of the most common and noticeable symptoms of breast cancer. Not all breast lumps are cancerous, but any new lump should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
- Breast Pain: While breast cancer typically doesn’t cause pain, some individuals may experience breast pain or tenderness.
- Change in Breast Size or Shape: Changes in the size or shape of one breast compared to the other can be a sign of breast cancer.
- Nipple Changes: Changes in the nipple, such as inversion, redness, scaling, or discharge (other than breast milk), may be indicative of breast cancer.
- Skin Changes: Dimpling, puckering, or skin that looks like an orange peel (peau d’orange) can be a sign of breast cancer.
- Nipple or Breast Skin Ulceration: A persistent sore or ulcer on the breast or nipple may be a concerning sign.
- Swelling in the Breast or Underarm: Swelling in the breast, underarm, or around the collarbone area may indicate a problem.
It’s important to understand that breast cancer symptoms can vary from person to person, and some individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms. Regular breast self-exams, clinical breast exams, and mammograms are important for early detection. If you notice any unusual changes in your breasts or experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation. Early detection and treatment significantly improve the prognosis for breast cancer.