What are the Symptoms of Marasmus Disease?
October 16, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Marasmus is a severe form of malnutrition that primarily affects infants and young children. It is a life-threatening condition characterized by extreme deprivation of calories and essential nutrients necessary for proper growth and development. The symptoms of marasmus manifest as a result of the body’s desperate attempt to cope with prolonged malnutrition and are usually distressing and visible.
One of the hallmark symptoms of marasmus is significant weight loss. Children with marasmus experience a drastic reduction in body weight, often to the point of being significantly underweight for their age and height. The loss of muscle mass is another prominent feature, giving the limbs a frail and wasted appearance. The lack of adequate nutrition causes the body to break down muscle tissue to obtain energy, leading to this severe muscle wasting.
Children affected by marasmus may exhibit a protruding abdomen, which is a result of the body attempting to accumulate fat and fluids in the abdomen due to inadequate nutrition. This can give a misperception of a bloated belly while the rest of the body appears emaciated. The skin becomes thin, dry, and inelastic, losing its healthy glow and becoming more susceptible to skin infections and sores.
Due to the severe depletion of nutrients, individuals with marasmus often experience extreme fatigue, weakness, and lethargy. These symptoms impact their ability to engage in physical activities and can also affect cognitive function, making it difficult for them to concentrate and learn. Irritability and an overall change in behavior are also observed, often stemming from the chronic hunger and discomfort they endure.
The immune system of those with marasmus is compromised, leading to a higher susceptibility to infections. Common illnesses like respiratory infections, diarrhea, and other infectious diseases tend to occur more frequently and can be life-threatening in their weakened state. Additionally, marasmus affects the normal growth and development of bones, causing stunted growth and developmental delays.
In summary, the symptoms of marasmus are a reflection of the severe malnutrition and inadequate caloric intake that individuals, particularly young children, endure. Weight loss, muscle wasting, abdominal protrusion, skin changes, fatigue, weakness, behavioral changes, compromised immunity, and growth retardation are some of the critical signs that highlight the urgent need for intervention and appropriate medical care to address this life-threatening condition. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial in improving the prognosis and preventing irreversible damage to the affected individual.