What Causes Sugar Disease?
November 3, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
“Sugar disease” is a colloquial term for diabetes, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood sugar levels (glucose). There are two primary types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Here’s what causes each type:
- Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition that typically develops in childhood or adolescence but can occur at any age. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This results in a lack of insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. The exact cause of Type 1 diabetes is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Viral infections and certain dietary factors have also been studied as potential triggers.
- Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and is often associated with lifestyle and genetic factors. It develops when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, and the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin to compensate for this resistance. Risk factors for Type 2 diabetes include:
- Genetics: A family history of diabetes can increase the risk.
- Obesity: Excess body weight, particularly around the abdomen, is a major risk factor.
- Physical Inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to insulin resistance and weight gain.
- Poor Diet: Diets high in sugary and processed foods can lead to weight gain and insulin resistance.
- Age: The risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with age, especially after the age of 45.
- High Blood Pressure: Hypertension is often associated with diabetes.
- High Cholesterol: Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides can increase the risk.
- Gestational Diabetes: Some women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy have an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes later in life.
In both types of diabetes, high blood sugar levels can lead to a range of health complications if not properly managed. Complications may include cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, kidney disease, eye problems, and more. Proper management of diabetes often involves lifestyle modifications (such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and weight management), medication (including insulin and oral medications), and monitoring blood sugar levels.
It’s important for individuals at risk of or diagnosed with diabetes to work with healthcare professionals to develop a personalized treatment plan and receive regular medical check-ups to manage their condition effectively and prevent complications.