What are the Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus?
September 9, 2023 | by Sravani Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Diabetes mellitus, often referred to simply as diabetes, is a chronic medical condition that affects how your body processes glucose (sugar), leading to elevated blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes, including Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes, each with its own set of symptoms. Common symptoms of diabetes mellitus include:
- Frequent Urination (Polyuria): Excess sugar in the blood can lead to increased urination as the body tries to get rid of the excess glucose. This can result in frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.
- Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia): Increased urination can cause dehydration, leading to excessive thirst and a constant need for fluids.
- Increased Hunger (Polyphagia): Despite eating regularly, people with diabetes may feel hungry more frequently because their cells are not getting the energy they need due to impaired glucose uptake.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Individuals with Type 1 diabetes, in particular, may experience sudden and unexplained weight loss because the body is unable to use glucose for energy, so it starts breaking down fat and muscle tissue.
- Fatigue: High blood sugar levels can lead to fatigue and a general feeling of weakness.
- Blurred Vision: Elevated blood sugar levels can affect the fluid levels in the eyes, causing temporary vision problems.
- Slow Wound Healing: Diabetes can impair the body’s ability to heal wounds and infections, making cuts and sores take longer to heal.
- Frequent Infections: High blood sugar can weaken the immune system, making people with diabetes more susceptible to infections, particularly urinary tract infections, yeast infections, and skin infections.
- Tingling or Numbness: Prolonged high blood sugar levels can damage nerves, leading to a tingling or numb sensation, usually in the hands and feet. This condition is called diabetic neuropathy.
- Skin Issues: Diabetes can cause skin problems such as dry skin, itching, and dark patches on the skin (acanthosis nigricans).
- Yeast Infections: High blood sugar levels can create an environment that encourages the growth of yeast, leading to yeast infections, particularly in women.
- Gum Problems: Diabetes can increase the risk of gum infections and other dental problems.
It’s important to note that the severity and combination of symptoms can vary among individuals and diabetes types. Some people may not experience noticeable symptoms until their blood sugar levels are significantly elevated, which is why regular check-ups and blood sugar monitoring are crucial, especially if you have risk factors for diabetes.
If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and management. Early detection and effective management can help prevent or minimize the complications associated with diabetes.