What Causes Coughing?

July 14, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's

Causes of Cough

Coughing is a reflex action that helps to clear the airways of irritants, mucus, or foreign particles. It can be caused by various factors, including:

  1. Respiratory infections: Common colds, influenza (flu), bronchitis, pneumonia, and other respiratory infections can cause coughing. These infections irritate the airways, leading to increased mucus production and coughing as the body attempts to clear the respiratory system.
  2. Allergies: Allergic reactions to substances such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or certain foods can trigger coughing. Allergies can cause inflammation in the airways, leading to persistent coughing.
  3. Asthma: Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. Coughing is a common symptom of asthma and is often accompanied by wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
  4. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): GERD is a condition in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation. This can lead to coughing, particularly when lying down or after eating.
  5. Smoking: Smoking, both active and passive, is a significant cause of chronic cough. Tobacco smoke irritates the airways and damages the cilia (hair-like structures that help remove mucus), leading to persistent coughing.
  6. Environmental irritants: Exposure to irritants such as smoke, pollutants, strong odors, or chemical fumes can trigger coughing as the body tries to clear the airways.
  7. Medications: Some medications, particularly angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used to treat high blood pressure, can cause a persistent cough as a side effect.
  8. Postnasal drip: Excess mucus production due to conditions like sinusitis or allergies can cause mucus to drip down the back of the throat, leading to coughing.
  9. Other respiratory conditions: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, and other respiratory conditions can cause coughing as a primary or secondary symptom.

It’s important to note that persistent or severe coughing that lasts for an extended period or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.

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