Diet For Chronic Kidney Disease Patients (CKD)

Kidney:

Two kidneys are present on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space or on both sides of your spine of humans. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs.

They perform several functions, its main job is to filter your blood. Kidneys filter waste products, excess water, and other impurities from your blood. 

Waste products are passed out from the body through urine which are stored in gall bladder.

Kidneys keep the right levels of electrolytes like sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate, pH and water and also maintain acid-base balance and water balance.

Regular exercise like walking, running, dancing, cycling is good for more than just your waistline. It can lower the risk of chronic kidney disease. It can also reduce your blood pressure and boost your heart health, which are both important to preventing kidney damage.

You have to drink plenty of fluids,you should never become dehydrated. By drinking water required(1,5 to 2 litres/day) daily health of kidney is maintained good. Water also removes toxic substances from kidney and also lowers the sodium, potassium and phosphorus contents.

Chronic Kidney Disease

It is a most common disease of kidneys, it is caused by high blood pressure and diabetes. Hypertension is dangerous for your kidneys because it can lead to increased pressure on the glomeruli, the functional units of your kidney.

So that kidney can’t work properly then you may go for dialysis. Dialysis filters fluid and wastes out of your blood, but it isn’t a long-term solution .You have to transplant a kidney if necessary.

In Diabetes, uncontrolled blood sugar levels leads to reduce the functions of kidney, thus failure of kidney takes place. To maintain health kidney after CKD, we have to restrict or reduce sodium, phosphorus and potassium in your diet.

Phosphorus:

It is a mineral which helps in bone health. Phosphorus naturally found in foods rich in protein, such as meat, poultry, fish, nuts, beans and dairy products and also added to many processed foods.

Importance Of Phosphorus In CKD Patients:

Phosphorus is increased in the CKD patients. So, it is increased in blood. Then it cause bones delicate, thin, weak and may break. By these symptoms bone and joint pain occurred. It is better to take food with less quantity of phosphorus.

To Lower Phosphorus:

Their are some foods which are low in phosphorus. High proteins foods are suggested in small portions.

Foods To Take:

Foods To Be Avoid:

  • Green Gram Dal
  • Red Gram Dal
  • Rajma
  • Soya bean
  • Cheese
  • Khoa
  • Almonds
  • Cashew Nuts
  • Coconut
  • Walnut
  • Ground Nuts

Sodium:

It is a salt, found in many foods like canned foods, fast foods ect. Sodium is also found in spices, condiments, meats and in many foods. So, sodium should be reduced in diet.

Importance Of Sodium In CKD Patients:

Taking sodium in less quantities, it can maintain low blood pressure and may slowly reduce the CKD.

Sodium is also filtered by kidneys and pass out by urine. When the kidney is damaged filtration of sodium is not done properly. So that sodium filtrations stops and it stay back in our body and increase blood pressure.

To Lower Sodium:

Important thing is to avoid fast foods, salted foods, canned foods and processed foods.

Buy fresh foods like fruits low in sodium. Lower the salt usage in daily dishes,instead of salt use sodium free spices, seasonings. Wash thoroughly meat, fish with water to washout the salt. Use herbs which do not contain sodium for flavours.

Foods To Be Taken:

  • Rice Flakes
  • Wheat Flour
  • Bajra
  • Ragi
  • Jowar
  • Milk
  • Bottle Gourd
  • Onion
  • Radish
  • Pumpkin
  • Tinda
  • Apple
  • Guava
  • Orange
  • Pineapple
  • Papaya
  • Pear

Foods To Be Avoid:

  • Chutney
  • Pickle
  • Papad
  • Sauces
  • Ketchups
  • Chips
  • Salted Biscuits
  • Cheese
  • Salted Butter
  • Canned Foods
  • Bakery Products
  • Instant Soup Powders
  • Salted Fish

Potassium:

It is also a mineral helps to function our nerves and muscles.

Importance Of Potassium In CKD Patients:

Potassium is also filtered by kidney, when the kidneys lefts out some potassium in the body, then we know that the kidneys are not functioning well. In CKD patients, kidneys may not remove extra potassium from the blood.

To Lower Potassium:

  • Eat protein rich foods in low quantities at meal or snacks.
  • Salt or salt substitutes contains potassium, so avoid them.
  • Wash vegetables, pulses and canned foods to washout potassium.
  • Potassium chloride is used instead of salt, so be aware of food labelling.

Foods To Be Taken:

  • Wheat Semolina
  • Milk
  • Lettuce
  • Broad Beans
  • Tinda
  • Cucumber
  • Beetroot
  • Bottle Gourd
  • Apple
  • Pear
  • Guava
  • Orange
  • Papaya
  • Pineapple

Foods To Be Avoid:

  • Ragi
  • Whole Wheat Flour
  • Bajra
  • Colocasia
  • Drumstick
  • Sweet Potato
  • Amaranth
  • Amla
  • Apricot
  • Sapota
  • Cherries
  • Muskmelon
  • Sweet Lime
  • Peach
  • Plum
  • Green Gram Dal
  • Red Gram Dal
  • Black Gram Dal
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