Six Different Types Of Covid-19 Vaccines

June 5, 2021 | by Ramya Tejaswini | Posted in Nutrition Facts

Vaccines contain the same germs that cause diseases. But they have been either killed or weakened to the point that they don’t make you sick. Some vaccines contain only a part of the disease germ. A vaccine stimulates your immune system to produce antibodies, exactly like it would if you were exposed to the disease. After getting vaccinated, you develop immunity to that disease, without having to get the disease first.

Different Types Of Vaccines

1. Covaxin

The Bharat Biotech COVID-19 Vaccine (COVAXINTM) is a vaccine with approval for restricted use in emergency situation that may prevent COVID-19. Bharat Biotech COVID-19 Vaccine (COVAXINTM) to prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Ingredients:

COVAXINTM contains 6μg of whole-virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 antigen (Strain: NIV-2020-770), and the other inactive ingredients such as aluminum hydroxide gel (250 μg), TLR 7/8 agonist (imidazoquinolinone) 15 μg, 2-phenoxyethanol 2.5 mg, and phosphate buffer saline up to 0.5 ml. The vaccine (COVAXINTM) thus has been developed by using inactivated/killed virus along with the aforementioned chemicals.

How is COVAXINTM given?

The bharat biotech COVID-19 VACCINE will be given to you as an injection into the deltoid muscle of the upper arm. The BHARAT BIOTECH COVID-19 VACCINE (COVAXINTM) vaccination series is 2 doses given 4 weeks apart.

Signs of a severe allergic reaction can include:

  • Difficulty in breathing
  • Swelling of your face and throat
  • A fast heart beat
  • Rash all over your body
  • Dizziness and Weakness

2. Covishield

COVISHIELDTM Vaccine to prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is a vaccine and may prevent you from getting COVID-19 disease. COVISHIELDTM vaccination course consists of two separate doses of 0.5 ml each. The second dose should be administered between 4 to 6 weeks after the first dose. However, there is data available for administration of the second dose up to 12 weeks after the first dose. It is approved for restricted use in emergency situation vaccine that may prevent COVID-19 disease in individuals 18 years of age and older

Ingredients:

L-Histidine, L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, Magnesium chloride hexahydrate, Polysorbate 80, Ethanol, Sucrose, Sodium chloride, Disodium edetate dihydrate (EDTA), Water for injectio

How the COVISHIELDTM is given?

The Vaccine will be given to you as an intramuscular injection only, preferably in the deltoid muscle.
The COVISHIELDTM vaccination course consists of two separate doses of 0.5 ml each.

Signs of a severe allergic reaction can include:

  • a lump at the injection site
  • fever
  • being sick (vomiting)

Uncommon symptoms


• feeling dizzy
• decreased appetite
• abdominal pain
• enlarged lymph nodes
• excessive sweating, itchy skin rash

3. Pfizer-BioNTech

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine to prevent COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is administered as a 2-dose series, 3 weeks apart, into the muscle. The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine may not protect everyone.

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is an unapproved vaccine that may prevent COVID-19. FDA has authorized the emergency use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine in individuals 12 years of age.

What are the ingredients in the PFIZER-BIONTECH COVID-19 ?

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine includes the following ingredients: mRNA, lipids ((4-hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1-diyl)bis(2-hexyldecanoate), 2 [(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide, 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphocholine, and cholesterol), potassium chloride, monobasic potassium phosphate, sodium chloride, dibasic sodium phosphate dihydrate, and sucrose.

How is the PFIZER-BIONTECH COVID-19 VACCINE given? The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine will be given to you as an injection into the muscle.

What are the risks of the PFIZER-BIONTECH COVID-19 VACCINE? Vaccine could cause a severe allergic reaction. A severe allergic reaction would usually occur within a few minutes to one hour after getting a dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19.

Signs of a severe allergic reaction can include:

  • Difficult breathings
  • Swelling of your face and throat
  • A fast heartbeat
  • A bad rash all over your body
  • Dizziness and weakness

4. Moderna

Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine to prevent Coronavirus Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine is administered as a 2-dose series, 1 month apart, into the muscle. The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine may not protect everyone.

What is the MODERNA COVID-19 Vaccine ?

The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine is an unapproved vaccine that may prevent COVID-19. There is no FDA-approved vaccine to prevent COVID-19.
The FDA has authorized the emergency use of the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine to prevent COVID-19 in individuals 18 years of age and older under an Emergency.

What are the ingredients in the Moderna vaccine?
The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine contains the following ingredients: messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), lipids (SM-102, polyethylene glycol [PEG] 2000 dimyristoyl glycerol [DMG], cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [DSPC]), tromethamine, tromethamine hydrochloride, acetic acid, sodium acetate trihydrate, and sucrose.

How is the MODERNA COVID-19 Vaccine Given? The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine will be given to you as an injection into the muscle.

What are the risks of the MODERNA COVID-19 VACCINE?

There is a remote chance that the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine could cause a severe allergic reaction. A severe allergic reaction would usually occur within a few minutes to one hour after getting a dose of the Moderna COVID-19.

Signs of a severe allergic reaction can include:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Swelling of your face and throat
  • A fast heartbeat
  • A bad rash all over your body
  • Dizziness and Weakness

5. Sinopharm

Sinopharm has an efficacy of about 79 percent for symptomatic and hospitalised disease for all age groups. it notes that since few adults over the age of 60 years were enrolled, the efficacy in the age group is not clear.

How does this vaccine work?

The Sinopharm vaccine is an inactivated coronavirus vaccine, like  covaxin developed by Bharat Biotech India in National Institute of Virology. Inactivated vaccines take the disease-carrying virus (in this case SARS-CoV-2) made of virus particles grown in culture and lack disease-producing capability.

How is the Sinopharm vaccine made?

To create Sinopharm’s BBIBP-CorV shot, the researchers obtained three variants of the coronavirus from patients in Chinese hospitals. They picked one of the variants because it was able to multiply quickly in monkey kidney cells grown in bioreactor tanks.

The first to approve the Sinopharm shot, vaccine was 86% effective, based on results of Phase 3 trials in the Emirates.

What’s the recommended dosage? Recommends the use of BIBP vaccine as 2 doses (0.5 ml) given intramuscularly.

The most common side effects were:

  • headaches
  • fatigue
  • injection site reactions

6. Sputnik

Sputnik V is one of the three vaccines in the world with efficacy of over 90%. It is the world’s first registered vaccine based on a well-studied human adenoviral vector-based platform

Sputnik V Vaccine Production

The fact that it uses a 4 stage purification technology that includes two stages of chromatography and two stages of tangential flow filtration. This purification technology helps obtain a highly purified product that goes through mandatory quality control, including control for RCA or any additives presence. Control for RCA is carried out not only for the finished product but also at all stages of production, including the viral seed. Sputnik V team believes that its purification technology is the best among all vaccines and is one of the pillars for vaccine safety.

Ingredients 

The ingredients are Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane, sodium chloride, sucrose, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, disodium EDTA dihydrate, polysorbate 80, ethanol, and water.

Sputnik V Vaccine Indication

The Russian Sputnik V COVID-19 Vaccine (Gam-COVID-Vac) is indicated to build immunity to SARS CoV_2 which causes COVID-19 disease. It is available in a lyophilized (dry) form of the vaccine. Sputnik V vaccinations in pregnant women so it should be avoided. And it is unknown whether Sputnik V is excreted in human milk. It should be avoided.

Side effects

  • flu-like illness
  • headache
  • fatigue
  • injection-site reactions
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