What Causes Muscle Loss?

November 2, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's

Muscle Loss Man Lifting Weights

Muscle loss, also known as muscle atrophy, can occur for various reasons and is often associated with a decrease in muscle mass and strength. Several common causes and contributing factors to muscle loss include:

  • Aging: Age-related muscle loss, known as sarcopenia, is a natural and gradual process that occurs as people get older. Muscle mass and strength tend to decline with age, particularly after the age of 30.
  • Physical Inactivity: Lack of physical activity, such as prolonged bed rest or immobilization due to illness or injury, can lead to muscle disuse atrophy. Muscles need regular use and resistance to stay healthy and maintain their mass.
  • Poor Nutrition: Inadequate intake of protein, calories, and essential nutrients necessary for muscle health can contribute to muscle loss. Malnutrition, including conditions like anorexia or severe weight loss, can result in muscle wasting.
  • Chronic Illness: Certain chronic medical conditions, such as cancer, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and kidney disease, can lead to muscle wasting, often due to inflammation and changes in metabolism.
  • Neurological Conditions: Neurological disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, and peripheral neuropathy, can affect the nerves that control muscle function and lead to muscle atrophy.
  • Hormonal Changes: Hormonal imbalances, such as low levels of testosterone or growth hormone, can impact muscle mass and contribute to muscle loss.
  • Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, which are used to treat various medical conditions, can have muscle-wasting side effects.
  • Injury: Traumatic injuries to the muscles, nerves, or bones can result in muscle atrophy due to disuse or damage.
  • Burns: Severe burns can lead to muscle loss in the affected areas.
  • Bedsores (Pressure Ulcers): Prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues, as can occur in individuals who are bedridden, can lead to muscle atrophy.
  • Cachexia: Cachexia is a severe form of muscle wasting often associated with advanced cancer or other chronic diseases. It involves both muscle and fat loss, leading to significant weight loss and weakness.
  • Endocrine Disorders: Conditions like hyperthyroidism (excessive thyroid hormone production) can result in muscle loss due to increased metabolic demands and muscle breakdown.
  • Alcohol and Substance Abuse: Chronic alcoholism and substance abuse can lead to muscle wasting and malnutrition.

Preventing and managing muscle loss often involves addressing the underlying cause. Strategies to counteract muscle atrophy may include physical therapy, exercise, proper nutrition, and medications, depending on the specific situation and contributing factors. If you suspect or observe unexplained muscle loss or if it is associated with other concerning symptoms, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation and treatment plan.

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